Pennington Markets Monthly

(October, 2025)

AI: WHERE TO NEXT?

  • AI adoption is accelerating—but monetization is uneven. Corporate spending continues to surge, yet productivity gains remain highly variable. Early winners are infrastructure providers and data owners, while most enterprises are still in the adaptation phase.

  • The power law is asserting itself. A handful of foundational models are capturing disproportionate value, threatening legacy software stacks and reshaping corporate digital strategy around a few dominant ecosystems.

  • Ethical and regulatory frameworks are lagging behind the technology. Efforts to manage bias, safety, and data rights remain fragmented, creating uncertainty—but also opportunity—for firms that can operationalize trust and transparency.

  • Human-centric AI is emerging as the sustainable path forward. Systems that amplify rather than replace human capability are proving more resilient and investable, aligning innovation with workforce development and long-term social license.

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